"On the other end of the spectrum, these women who do live long enough to collect Social Security face the challenge of being disproportionately dependent on the Social Security system for retirement income"

This quote is referring to the fact that females are most likely to outlast guys, and therefore are more likely to rely on Social Security for retirement earnings. This is due to the reality that ladies tend to have lower wages and less savings than guys, and for that reason have less cash to count on for retirement. This implies that women are most likely to be depending on Social Security for their retirement earnings, and this can be a difficulty for them. This quote is highlighting the reality that women are most likely to be depending on Social Security for retirement income, and this can be an obstacle for them. It is very important to acknowledge this problem and work to guarantee that females have access to the resources they require to be economically safe in retirement.