"A logical analysis of reflexive usages in French shows, however, that this simplicity is an illusion and that, so far from helping the foreigner, it is more calculated to bother him"
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The jab lands because it targets a comforting myth every language student is sold: that somewhere beneath all the exceptions there’s a clean, rational system waiting to be “understood.” Sapir punctures that fantasy with a scientist’s scalpel and a satirist’s timing. “Simplicity is an illusion” doesn’t just critique French reflexives; it critiques the pedagogical instinct to flatter learners with tidy rules that collapse on contact with real usage.
The phrase “logical analysis” signals a modern, early-20th-century confidence in method: if you map the parts carefully enough, the truth will emerge. Sapir’s twist is that the method works - and what it reveals is mess. Reflexive constructions look like a beginner-friendly shortcut (“se” meaning “self”), until you meet the ways French uses them for passive-ish meanings, idiomatic actions, and subtle shifts in agency. The learner isn’t helped by the label “reflexive” if the category itself bundles together functions that feel unrelated in English.
“Calculated to bother him” is the sting. It implies that the apparent simplicity isn’t neutral; it’s actively misleading, like a well-designed sign pointing the wrong way. That’s the subtext: foreignness isn’t just a matter of vocabulary gaps, but of how languages carve up responsibility, intention, and subjecthood differently. Sapir, a central figure in American linguistics, is also quietly asserting a broader principle of his field: analysis should describe how language behaves, not how we wish it behaved for the convenience of outsiders.
The phrase “logical analysis” signals a modern, early-20th-century confidence in method: if you map the parts carefully enough, the truth will emerge. Sapir’s twist is that the method works - and what it reveals is mess. Reflexive constructions look like a beginner-friendly shortcut (“se” meaning “self”), until you meet the ways French uses them for passive-ish meanings, idiomatic actions, and subtle shifts in agency. The learner isn’t helped by the label “reflexive” if the category itself bundles together functions that feel unrelated in English.
“Calculated to bother him” is the sting. It implies that the apparent simplicity isn’t neutral; it’s actively misleading, like a well-designed sign pointing the wrong way. That’s the subtext: foreignness isn’t just a matter of vocabulary gaps, but of how languages carve up responsibility, intention, and subjecthood differently. Sapir, a central figure in American linguistics, is also quietly asserting a broader principle of his field: analysis should describe how language behaves, not how we wish it behaved for the convenience of outsiders.
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| Topic | Learning |
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