"A man has as many social selves as there are individuals who recognize him"
About this Quote
The intent is pragmatic, not mystical. James is a psychologist-philosopher in an era when modern urban life, mass institutions, and new professional roles were multiplying the audiences a person had to answer to. Put in that context, the quote reads like an early diagnosis of what we now call role strain, code-switching, or performativity. He`s not moralizing about fakeness; he`s describing the mechanics of recognition. Being known is an act that happens between people, and that act carries power: others don`t just "see" you, they sort you, reward you, punish you, and you adapt.
The subtext is a little bracing: your selfhood is partly outsourced. If the social self depends on recognition, it can also be withheld. That makes identity contingent, vulnerable to misreading, and shaped by hierarchy. The brilliance is in the phrasing "as many as there are individuals" - an infinite regress that turns personality into a moving target. James smuggles a radical thought into a simple sentence: the unit of analysis isn`t the solitary soul, it`s the relationship.
Quote Details
| Topic | Wisdom |
|---|---|
| Source | William James, The Principles of Psychology (1890), section "The Social Self" — original source of the line often quoted as "A man has as many social selves as there are individuals who recognize him." |
| Cite |
Citation Formats
APA Style (7th ed.)
James, William. (2026, January 18). A man has as many social selves as there are individuals who recognize him. FixQuotes. https://fixquotes.com/quotes/a-man-has-as-many-social-selves-as-there-are-22112/
Chicago Style
James, William. "A man has as many social selves as there are individuals who recognize him." FixQuotes. January 18, 2026. https://fixquotes.com/quotes/a-man-has-as-many-social-selves-as-there-are-22112/.
MLA Style (9th ed.)
"A man has as many social selves as there are individuals who recognize him." FixQuotes, 18 Jan. 2026, https://fixquotes.com/quotes/a-man-has-as-many-social-selves-as-there-are-22112/. Accessed 21 Feb. 2026.










