"All men by nature desire knowledge"
About this Quote
Aristotle opens the Metaphysics with what sounds like a flattering generalization, then quietly turns it into a program: if every human being naturally reaches for knowledge, philosophy isn’t a hobby for the eccentric few, it’s the most faithful expression of our species. The line is bait and foundation at once. It recruits the reader with a commonsense claim and then builds an entire hierarchy of inquiry on top of it.
The intent is strategic. Aristotle wants to legitimize “first philosophy” by rooting it in ordinary experience: we look, we listen, we poke at the world, and we take pleasure in doing so. Knowledge isn’t introduced as a moral duty or a religious command; it’s framed as appetite. That matters because it makes learning feel less like obedience and more like fulfillment. The subtext is also competitive: against Sophists who sell rhetorical skill, and against Plato’s otherworldly emphasis, Aristotle insists that knowing begins in the senses and climbs, step by step, toward causes and principles.
“All men” is doing ideological work too. It universalizes a drive Aristotle will later sort and rank: sensation, memory, experience, art/techne, and wisdom. Everyone desires knowledge, but not everyone reaches the same kind. That gap justifies experts, teachers, and - in Aristotle’s broader politics - a social order where some are positioned to contemplate while others labor. The sentence is warm on the surface, but it smuggles in a worldview: human nature is teleological, curiosity has a direction, and the highest life is the one that follows that desire all the way to its most abstract end.
The intent is strategic. Aristotle wants to legitimize “first philosophy” by rooting it in ordinary experience: we look, we listen, we poke at the world, and we take pleasure in doing so. Knowledge isn’t introduced as a moral duty or a religious command; it’s framed as appetite. That matters because it makes learning feel less like obedience and more like fulfillment. The subtext is also competitive: against Sophists who sell rhetorical skill, and against Plato’s otherworldly emphasis, Aristotle insists that knowing begins in the senses and climbs, step by step, toward causes and principles.
“All men” is doing ideological work too. It universalizes a drive Aristotle will later sort and rank: sensation, memory, experience, art/techne, and wisdom. Everyone desires knowledge, but not everyone reaches the same kind. That gap justifies experts, teachers, and - in Aristotle’s broader politics - a social order where some are positioned to contemplate while others labor. The sentence is warm on the surface, but it smuggles in a worldview: human nature is teleological, curiosity has a direction, and the highest life is the one that follows that desire all the way to its most abstract end.
Quote Details
| Topic | Knowledge |
|---|---|
| Source | Aristotle, Metaphysics, Book I (Alpha), opening line; Bekker 980a1ff. Commonly translated (W.D. Ross) as "All men by nature desire to know." |
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