"All the choir of heaven and furniture of earth - in a word, all those bodies which compose the frame of the world - have not any subsistence without a mind"
About this Quote
The intent is polemical. Berkeley is pushing back against the new mechanical picture of nature taking hold in the early modern period (Locke’s “material substratum,” Newtonian matter-in-motion). Instead of accepting that objects have a hidden material core behind what we perceive, he insists there is no “thing” left over once you remove perception. The subtext is anti-skeptical: paradoxically, denying mind-independent matter is meant to save everyday certainty. If reality is constituted by ideas, then we’re not trapped behind a veil of perception guessing at an unreachable material world; the perceived world is the world.
There’s also a rhetorical strategy of scale. By invoking heaven and earth, Berkeley dares you to test his claim against the biggest, most authoritative symbols of existence. The kicker is the word “subsistence”: not “meaning,” not “value,” but being. And because Berkeley knows this sounds like solipsism, the larger context is theological: the continuity of the world is secured by an always-perceiving divine mind. Reality, for him, is less a warehouse of objects than an ongoing act of attention.
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Citation Formats
APA Style (7th ed.)
Berkeley, George. (2026, January 15). All the choir of heaven and furniture of earth - in a word, all those bodies which compose the frame of the world - have not any subsistence without a mind. FixQuotes. https://fixquotes.com/quotes/all-the-choir-of-heaven-and-furniture-of-earth--84238/
Chicago Style
Berkeley, George. "All the choir of heaven and furniture of earth - in a word, all those bodies which compose the frame of the world - have not any subsistence without a mind." FixQuotes. January 15, 2026. https://fixquotes.com/quotes/all-the-choir-of-heaven-and-furniture-of-earth--84238/.
MLA Style (9th ed.)
"All the choir of heaven and furniture of earth - in a word, all those bodies which compose the frame of the world - have not any subsistence without a mind." FixQuotes, 15 Jan. 2026, https://fixquotes.com/quotes/all-the-choir-of-heaven-and-furniture-of-earth--84238/. Accessed 11 Feb. 2026.













