"Any psychology of sign systems will be part of social psychology - that is to say, will be exclusively social; it will involve the same psychology as is applicable in the case of languages"
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Saussure is quietly yanking the study of meaning out of the skull and dropping it into the street. When he insists that “any psychology of sign systems” belongs to social psychology, he’s rejecting the comforting idea that words (or any signs) primarily express private thoughts. Signs don’t get their power from individual intention; they get it from shared rules, habits, and sanctions. Meaning, in other words, isn’t a personal possession. It’s a lease granted by the group.
The rhetorical move here is disciplined, almost chilly: “exclusively social.” That adverb is doing the heavy lifting. Saussure isn’t merely adding society as a factor; he’s declaring that outside a community, a sign system is inert. A gesture no one recognizes is just motion. A word no one else shares is just sound. This frames language less as a mirror of reality than as an institution, like money or law: arbitrary in its material form, binding in its collective agreement.
Context matters. Saussure is writing at the hinge point when linguistics is trying to become a modern science, and he’s defining its proper object. By grouping “sign systems” with “languages,” he’s planting the seed of semiotics: fashion, rituals, symbols, even bureaucracy can be read as structured systems whose “psychology” is essentially social.
The subtext is a warning and a provocation. If meaning is socially manufactured, then power sits inside the rules of the game: who sets them, who enforces them, who gets to sound “normal.” Saussure’s line doesn’t moralize, but it opens the door to everything that will.
The rhetorical move here is disciplined, almost chilly: “exclusively social.” That adverb is doing the heavy lifting. Saussure isn’t merely adding society as a factor; he’s declaring that outside a community, a sign system is inert. A gesture no one recognizes is just motion. A word no one else shares is just sound. This frames language less as a mirror of reality than as an institution, like money or law: arbitrary in its material form, binding in its collective agreement.
Context matters. Saussure is writing at the hinge point when linguistics is trying to become a modern science, and he’s defining its proper object. By grouping “sign systems” with “languages,” he’s planting the seed of semiotics: fashion, rituals, symbols, even bureaucracy can be read as structured systems whose “psychology” is essentially social.
The subtext is a warning and a provocation. If meaning is socially manufactured, then power sits inside the rules of the game: who sets them, who enforces them, who gets to sound “normal.” Saussure’s line doesn’t moralize, but it opens the door to everything that will.
Quote Details
| Topic | Deep |
|---|---|
| Source | Ferdinand de Saussure, Course in General Linguistics (Cours de linguistique generale), 1916; English translation by Wade Baskin (1959). Statement appears in Saussure's discussion of language as a social phenomenon (psychology of sign systems). |
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