"But what is liberty without wisdom, and without virtue? It is the greatest of all possible evils; for it is folly, vice, and madness, without tuition or restraint"
About this Quote
The subtext is a direct rebuke to revolutionary romanticism, especially the idea that removing restraints is itself emancipatory. Burke doesn’t fear liberty in the abstract; he fears what happens when a society celebrates freedom while dissolving the institutions and habits that teach people what to do with it. That’s why “tuition” matters: he frames politics as education, not merely liberation. A people needs formation - norms, civic discipline, inherited practices - or else freedom becomes permission slip culture, where impulse pretends to be principle.
Context sharpens the edge. Burke was writing in the shadow of the French Revolution, watching a language of rights and liberty coexist with escalating violence and ideological certainty. The line’s rhetorical power lies in its cadence of escalation (“folly, vice, and madness”) and its final, chilling clause: “without tuition or restraint.” He’s warning that when freedom becomes absolute, it doesn’t stay neutral; it recruits the worst parts of human nature and calls it progress.
Quote Details
| Topic | Freedom |
|---|---|
| Source | Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France (1790) — contains the passage "But what is liberty without wisdom, and without virtue? It is the greatest of all possible evils; for it is folly, vice, and madness, without tuition or restraint." |
| Cite |
Citation Formats
APA Style (7th ed.)
Burke, Edmund. (2026, January 15). But what is liberty without wisdom, and without virtue? It is the greatest of all possible evils; for it is folly, vice, and madness, without tuition or restraint. FixQuotes. https://fixquotes.com/quotes/but-what-is-liberty-without-wisdom-and-without-16849/
Chicago Style
Burke, Edmund. "But what is liberty without wisdom, and without virtue? It is the greatest of all possible evils; for it is folly, vice, and madness, without tuition or restraint." FixQuotes. January 15, 2026. https://fixquotes.com/quotes/but-what-is-liberty-without-wisdom-and-without-16849/.
MLA Style (9th ed.)
"But what is liberty without wisdom, and without virtue? It is the greatest of all possible evils; for it is folly, vice, and madness, without tuition or restraint." FixQuotes, 15 Jan. 2026, https://fixquotes.com/quotes/but-what-is-liberty-without-wisdom-and-without-16849/. Accessed 15 Feb. 2026.









