"Character may almost be called the most effective means of persuasion"
About this Quote
Persuasion, Aristotle reminds us, isn’t primarily a triumph of clever phrasing; it’s a referendum on the person speaking. In calling character “almost” the most effective means of persuasion, he’s making a shrewd, almost suspiciously modern claim: audiences don’t just weigh arguments, they weigh credibility, and credibility is felt before it’s proven.
The intent is practical, not pious. Aristotle is writing in a world where public life runs on speech acts - courts, assemblies, civic deliberation - and where sophists have already turned rhetoric into a kind of portable weapon. So he draws a boundary line: persuasion has techniques, yes, but it also has an anchor. “Character” (ethos) is that anchor, the background signal that makes the foreground message intelligible. A sound argument from a liar lands differently; a mediocre argument from someone widely trusted can win the room.
The subtext is that reason is socially mediated. People claim to be persuaded by logic, but they often outsource judgment to proxies: perceived integrity, steadiness under pressure, alignment with shared values. Aristotle isn’t condemning that shortcut so much as acknowledging its inevitability - and teaching speakers to cultivate it. Ethos isn’t just moral goodness; it’s performed reliability, the sense that the speaker understands the stakes and won’t abuse the audience’s trust.
It’s also a warning. If character is “almost” the most effective means, it can be fabricated, borrowed, or branded. Aristotle’s realism cuts both ways: rhetoric works best when the speaker’s life backs the speech, and it works dangerously well when the appearance of character replaces the thing itself.
The intent is practical, not pious. Aristotle is writing in a world where public life runs on speech acts - courts, assemblies, civic deliberation - and where sophists have already turned rhetoric into a kind of portable weapon. So he draws a boundary line: persuasion has techniques, yes, but it also has an anchor. “Character” (ethos) is that anchor, the background signal that makes the foreground message intelligible. A sound argument from a liar lands differently; a mediocre argument from someone widely trusted can win the room.
The subtext is that reason is socially mediated. People claim to be persuaded by logic, but they often outsource judgment to proxies: perceived integrity, steadiness under pressure, alignment with shared values. Aristotle isn’t condemning that shortcut so much as acknowledging its inevitability - and teaching speakers to cultivate it. Ethos isn’t just moral goodness; it’s performed reliability, the sense that the speaker understands the stakes and won’t abuse the audience’s trust.
It’s also a warning. If character is “almost” the most effective means, it can be fabricated, borrowed, or branded. Aristotle’s realism cuts both ways: rhetoric works best when the speaker’s life backs the speech, and it works dangerously well when the appearance of character replaces the thing itself.
Quote Details
| Topic | Honesty & Integrity |
|---|---|
| Source | Aristotle, Rhetoric, Book I (1356a). Commonly rendered as ‘the personal character of the speaker is a means of persuasion’ — source: online translation of Rhetoric, Book I. |
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