"Compassion is the basis of morality"
About this Quote
Schopenhauer drops this line like a dare to the moralizers. In a culture (and a philosophical tradition) obsessed with rules, duties, and rational proofs, he insists that morality doesn’t begin in the head but in the gut: the raw, unsettling moment when another person’s pain stops being “theirs” and starts registering as real to you. “Compassion” isn’t a garnish on ethics; it’s the engine.
The intent is pointedly anti-Kantian. Kant’s moral law is clean, universal, and proudly independent of feeling. Schopenhauer thinks that purity is a fantasy, and maybe a vanity. Reason can tell you what follows from a principle, but it can’t generate the motive to care. Compassion, for him, is the rare crack in the self’s hard shell of egoism. It’s the one experience that briefly interrupts what he famously calls the “will” - the blind, restless drive that makes humans endlessly hungry, competitive, and cruel by default.
The subtext is bleak and practical: most moral posturing is performance, and most “virtue” is enlightened self-interest in costume. Compassion is different because it’s costly; it makes you porous to suffering you didn’t choose. That cost is precisely why it counts.
Context matters. Schopenhauer is writing in the 19th century, watching bourgeois respectability and Christian moral language coexist with social indifference. His turn toward compassion also borrows from Buddhist and Hindu thought: the idea that separateness is, at some level, a misperception. Morality works, he suggests, not when we perfect our arguments, but when we can’t look away.
The intent is pointedly anti-Kantian. Kant’s moral law is clean, universal, and proudly independent of feeling. Schopenhauer thinks that purity is a fantasy, and maybe a vanity. Reason can tell you what follows from a principle, but it can’t generate the motive to care. Compassion, for him, is the rare crack in the self’s hard shell of egoism. It’s the one experience that briefly interrupts what he famously calls the “will” - the blind, restless drive that makes humans endlessly hungry, competitive, and cruel by default.
The subtext is bleak and practical: most moral posturing is performance, and most “virtue” is enlightened self-interest in costume. Compassion is different because it’s costly; it makes you porous to suffering you didn’t choose. That cost is precisely why it counts.
Context matters. Schopenhauer is writing in the 19th century, watching bourgeois respectability and Christian moral language coexist with social indifference. His turn toward compassion also borrows from Buddhist and Hindu thought: the idea that separateness is, at some level, a misperception. Morality works, he suggests, not when we perfect our arguments, but when we can’t look away.
Quote Details
| Topic | Ethics & Morality |
|---|---|
| Source | "On the Basis of Morality" (German: "Über die Grundlage der Moral"), essay by Arthur Schopenhauer; original: "Mitleid ist die Grundlage der Moral." |
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