"Form follows function"
About this Quote
A four-word slogan that masquerades as common sense, "Form follows function" is really a declaration of war. Louis Sullivan wasn’t offering a neutral design tip; he was drawing a moral line against the fussy, copy-pasted ornament of the late 19th century, when American cities were sprouting new building types (office towers, department stores) but dressing them in borrowed European costumes. The phrase lands because it sounds inevitable, almost biological: shape should grow out of purpose the way a body grows around what it must do. That air of inevitability is the rhetorical trick. Sullivan turns an aesthetic preference into a law of nature.
The subtext is ambition and anxiety. Steel frames and elevators had made the skyscraper possible, but not yet legible. What should a tall building look like when its job is to stack rentable floors? Sullivan’s answer: stop pretending it’s a classical temple stretched upward; let structure, circulation, and use write the silhouette. In practice, he didn’t banish decoration so much as demand that it earn its place, integrated rather than pasted on. The slogan’s afterlife, though, is harsher than Sullivan. Modernists and corporate developers adopted it as a permission slip for bare boxes: if it works, it’s right.
That’s why the line still needles designers. It’s both liberating and coercive: it promises honesty while pressuring every curve to justify itself. It doesn’t just describe architecture; it describes a modern temperament that wants beauty to come with receipts.
The subtext is ambition and anxiety. Steel frames and elevators had made the skyscraper possible, but not yet legible. What should a tall building look like when its job is to stack rentable floors? Sullivan’s answer: stop pretending it’s a classical temple stretched upward; let structure, circulation, and use write the silhouette. In practice, he didn’t banish decoration so much as demand that it earn its place, integrated rather than pasted on. The slogan’s afterlife, though, is harsher than Sullivan. Modernists and corporate developers adopted it as a permission slip for bare boxes: if it works, it’s right.
That’s why the line still needles designers. It’s both liberating and coercive: it promises honesty while pressuring every curve to justify itself. It doesn’t just describe architecture; it describes a modern temperament that wants beauty to come with receipts.
Quote Details
| Topic | Art |
|---|---|
| Source | Louis Sullivan, "The Tall Office Building Artistically Considered", Lippincott's Magazine (1896) — contains the formulation often cited as "form (ever) follows function". |
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