"I know that from the days of Watergate... the notion of two sources on a story has become the popular dogma about how you confirm something. And there is a lot of truth to that, but there are all kinds of ways to check to the extent that you can, a story that you get"
About this Quote
His phrasing is careful: “popular dogma,” not “standard,” and “a lot of truth,” not “it’s wrong.” That’s classic reporterly hedging, but it’s also the point. Verification isn’t a single rule; it’s a discipline that changes with the story. Two sources can be two people repeating the same coordinated talking point, or two officials with the same institutional incentive to mislead. Meanwhile, a document, metadata, an on-the-record expert, or a first-party record can sometimes be more probative than a second anonymous voice.
Context matters: post-Watergate standards helped professionalize journalism, but the current information environment punishes that kind of slow certainty. Leaks move faster, disinformation is engineered, and audiences demand receipts. Fineman’s intent is to defend rigor without fetishizing a single ritual of rigor. He’s arguing for a mindset: corroborate “to the extent that you can,” then be honest about what you can’t. That humility is the real verification standard, and it’s harder than counting to two.
Quote Details
| Topic | Truth |
|---|---|
| Source | Howard Fineman — remark quoted in The Elements of Journalism (Bill Kovach & Tom Rosenstiel), 2001; comment on the two-source rule since Watergate. |
| Cite | Cite this Quote |
Citation Formats
APA Style (7th ed.)
Fineman, Howard. (n.d.). I know that from the days of Watergate... the notion of two sources on a story has become the popular dogma about how you confirm something. And there is a lot of truth to that, but there are all kinds of ways to check to the extent that you can, a story that you get. FixQuotes. https://fixquotes.com/quotes/i-know-that-from-the-days-of-watergate-the-notion-61774/
Chicago Style
Fineman, Howard. "I know that from the days of Watergate... the notion of two sources on a story has become the popular dogma about how you confirm something. And there is a lot of truth to that, but there are all kinds of ways to check to the extent that you can, a story that you get." FixQuotes. Accessed February 1, 2026. https://fixquotes.com/quotes/i-know-that-from-the-days-of-watergate-the-notion-61774/.
MLA Style (9th ed.)
"I know that from the days of Watergate... the notion of two sources on a story has become the popular dogma about how you confirm something. And there is a lot of truth to that, but there are all kinds of ways to check to the extent that you can, a story that you get." FixQuotes, https://fixquotes.com/quotes/i-know-that-from-the-days-of-watergate-the-notion-61774/. Accessed 1 Feb. 2026.




