"Neither Aristotelian nor Russellian rules give the exact logic of any expression of ordinary language; for ordinary language has no exact logic"
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Strawson is flicking a match at two kinds of philosophical confidence: the classical faith that Aristotle’s syllogistic forms capture how we actually reason, and the modern hope (associated with Russell) that a cleaned-up symbolic language can finally expose ordinary speech’s hidden structure. The line is blunt on purpose. It doesn’t merely deny that we’ve found the right formal system; it denies that ordinary language is the kind of thing that has “the” formal system waiting to be discovered.
The subtext is a rebuke to a certain philosophical temperament: the urge to treat everyday talk as a messy draft of logic, valuable mainly for what it could become once translated into something purer. Strawson, a central figure in mid-century “ordinary language” philosophy, insists that the mess isn’t an accident. Natural language is built for human life: it flexes with context, presupposition, implicature, politeness, and shared background. When someone says “The king of France is bald,” the important action isn’t just truth-evaluation; it’s what the speaker takes for granted, what the listener is licensed to challenge, and how conversation manages error without crashing.
That “no exact logic” is not anti-intellectual; it’s anti-reductionist. Strawson isn’t saying logic is useless. He’s saying logic is a tool we impose for specific purposes, not a microscope revealing a single underlying skeleton. Ordinary language works because it’s negotiable, not because it’s formally complete. In a culture increasingly enamored with systems, Strawson’s point still stings: precision is a virtue in math, but in human speech it can be a category mistake.
The subtext is a rebuke to a certain philosophical temperament: the urge to treat everyday talk as a messy draft of logic, valuable mainly for what it could become once translated into something purer. Strawson, a central figure in mid-century “ordinary language” philosophy, insists that the mess isn’t an accident. Natural language is built for human life: it flexes with context, presupposition, implicature, politeness, and shared background. When someone says “The king of France is bald,” the important action isn’t just truth-evaluation; it’s what the speaker takes for granted, what the listener is licensed to challenge, and how conversation manages error without crashing.
That “no exact logic” is not anti-intellectual; it’s anti-reductionist. Strawson isn’t saying logic is useless. He’s saying logic is a tool we impose for specific purposes, not a microscope revealing a single underlying skeleton. Ordinary language works because it’s negotiable, not because it’s formally complete. In a culture increasingly enamored with systems, Strawson’s point still stings: precision is a virtue in math, but in human speech it can be a category mistake.
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| Topic | Reason & Logic |
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