"The working classes were becoming more and more sharply aware of the complex causes of international malaise"
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A labor leader doesn’t usually talk like a foreign-policy mandarin, and that’s part of the point. Jouhaux’s line elevates the “working classes” from cannon fodder and factory fodder into analysts of history. He’s insisting that international “malaise” isn’t a vague sickness in the air or the fault of some villainous nation; it’s a system with “complex causes” - tariffs, reparations, capitalist rivalry, militarism, propaganda, the quiet deals cut above ordinary people’s heads. The rhetorical move is strategic: if the causes are complex, then simplistic nationalism is a con, and workers have reason to distrust elites who package geopolitical conflict as moral destiny.
In context, Jouhaux is speaking out of the trauma engine of early 20th-century Europe: mass mobilization, World War I’s slaughter, the anxious interwar years, and the pressure of rising fascism. As head of the CGT and a Nobel Peace Prize recipient, he’s trying to build a politics where cross-border solidarity beats the reflex to blame foreigners for economic pain. “Becoming more and more sharply aware” suggests a slow awakening - a class learning to read the fine print of crisis, not just feel its effects.
Subtext: legitimacy is shifting. If workers can diagnose international breakdown, they can claim authority over the remedies. Jouhaux is making consciousness itself a form of power, and quietly warning that the old trick - redirecting domestic frustration outward - is losing its grip.
In context, Jouhaux is speaking out of the trauma engine of early 20th-century Europe: mass mobilization, World War I’s slaughter, the anxious interwar years, and the pressure of rising fascism. As head of the CGT and a Nobel Peace Prize recipient, he’s trying to build a politics where cross-border solidarity beats the reflex to blame foreigners for economic pain. “Becoming more and more sharply aware” suggests a slow awakening - a class learning to read the fine print of crisis, not just feel its effects.
Subtext: legitimacy is shifting. If workers can diagnose international breakdown, they can claim authority over the remedies. Jouhaux is making consciousness itself a form of power, and quietly warning that the old trick - redirecting domestic frustration outward - is losing its grip.
Quote Details
| Topic | Equality |
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