"Those who live, live off the dead"
About this Quote
The subtext is Artaud’s real target: the genteel theater and bourgeois comfort that pretend art is refinement rather than ritual, sacrifice, and contagion. In the 1930s, as Europe slid toward mechanized slaughter, Artaud was developing his Theatre of Cruelty - not cruelty as sadism, but as the uncompromising truth that bodies are vulnerable and systems feed on that vulnerability. “Live off” carries economic bite: the living don’t just inherit the dead, they exploit them, converting corpses into continuity, turning catastrophe into civilization’s fuel.
It’s also a self-indictment. Artaud’s work is haunted by illness, confinement, and psychic extremity; he knew what it meant to be treated as disposable material for institutions that keep functioning. The line’s intent isn’t nihilism so much as a demand for honesty: if existence is predatory, stop dressing it up. Art, then, must be an exorcism - a public confrontation with what society consumes to keep calling itself alive.
Quote Details
| Topic | Legacy & Remembrance |
|---|---|
| Source | Verified source: Alienation and Black Magic (Antonin Artaud, 1946)
Evidence: Those who live, live off the dead. (Later book publication: in Artaud the Mômo; exact page for the first 1948 edition not verified). The strongest primary-source trail I found indicates the line comes from Artaud's text 'Alienation and Black Magic' ('Aliénation et magie noire'). A scholarly source states this text was written in 1946, broadcast on French radio on July 16, 1946, and only later published in book form as the concluding text of Artaud the Mômo at the beginning of 1948. A secondary scholarly chapter also explicitly attributes the line to 'Alienation and Black Magic.' An English translation reproduces the surrounding passage: 'Those who live, live off the dead. / And it is likewise necessary that death live; ...' This supports the attribution, but I could not directly inspect the 1946 broadcast script or the first 1948 printed edition page image, so the exact first-publication bibliographic details remain not fully verified. Sources: the 2022 scholarly article describing the 1946 radio broadcast and 1948 book publication, and the 2023 scholarly chapter referencing the same text. ([tandfonline.com](https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13528165.2021.2029150?utm_source=openai)) Other candidates (1) Watchfiends & Rack Screams (Antonin Artaud, 1995) compilation95.0% Works from the Final Period Antonin Artaud Clayton Eshleman, Bernard Bador ... Those who live , live off the dead . A... |
| Cite |
Citation Formats
APA Style (7th ed.)
Artaud, Antonin. (2026, March 11). Those who live, live off the dead. FixQuotes. https://fixquotes.com/quotes/those-who-live-live-off-the-dead-138365/
Chicago Style
Artaud, Antonin. "Those who live, live off the dead." FixQuotes. March 11, 2026. https://fixquotes.com/quotes/those-who-live-live-off-the-dead-138365/.
MLA Style (9th ed.)
"Those who live, live off the dead." FixQuotes, 11 Mar. 2026, https://fixquotes.com/quotes/those-who-live-live-off-the-dead-138365/. Accessed 16 Mar. 2026.











