"Three things are necessary for the salvation of man: to know what he ought to believe; to know what he ought to desire; and to know what he ought to do"
About this Quote
Aquinas doesn’t offer comfort here; he offers a blueprint. “Salvation” is framed less as a mystical rescue than as an ordered life, built on three kinds of knowledge. The sequence matters. First, belief: not a private vibe, but a structured account of reality. Second, desire: the more psychologically shrewd move. Aquinas assumes the problem isn’t just ignorance of rules; it’s mis-aimed wanting. People can “know” doctrines and still chase the wrong goods. Third, action: ethics as execution, the visible proof that belief and desire have been disciplined into habit.
The subtext is a defense of moral formation against two temptations: pure intellectualism (if you just know the right ideas, you’re safe) and pure voluntarism (if you just mean well, you’re safe). Aquinas insists that the human being is a bundle of intellect, appetite, and will, and any spiritual program that ignores one will produce a warped person: correct but cruel, passionate but chaotic, dutiful but hollow.
Context sharpens the stakes. Writing in the high medieval university world, Aquinas is trying to reconcile Christian theology with Aristotelian psychology and ethics. “Know what he ought” smuggles in authority: the Church, Scripture, reason, and tradition don’t merely inform your choices; they norm them. That’s why the line still lands today. It’s a quiet provocation to modern “authenticity” culture: if your desires are treated as automatically legitimate, Aquinas replies that desire itself needs education - and that salvation, however you translate it, is inseparable from that hard, unglamorous re-training.
The subtext is a defense of moral formation against two temptations: pure intellectualism (if you just know the right ideas, you’re safe) and pure voluntarism (if you just mean well, you’re safe). Aquinas insists that the human being is a bundle of intellect, appetite, and will, and any spiritual program that ignores one will produce a warped person: correct but cruel, passionate but chaotic, dutiful but hollow.
Context sharpens the stakes. Writing in the high medieval university world, Aquinas is trying to reconcile Christian theology with Aristotelian psychology and ethics. “Know what he ought” smuggles in authority: the Church, Scripture, reason, and tradition don’t merely inform your choices; they norm them. That’s why the line still lands today. It’s a quiet provocation to modern “authenticity” culture: if your desires are treated as automatically legitimate, Aquinas replies that desire itself needs education - and that salvation, however you translate it, is inseparable from that hard, unglamorous re-training.
Quote Details
| Topic | Faith |
|---|---|
| Source | Unverified source: Collationes in decem praeceptis (Sermons on the Commandme... (Thomas Aquinas, 1273)
Evidence: Prologue (Prooemium), opening sentence. The line appears in Aquinas’s "Collationes in decem praeceptis" (a reportatio, i.e., student/assistant report, traditionally attributed to Aquinas). Latin incipit: "Tria sunt homini necessaria ad salutem: scilicet scientia credendorum, scientia desiderandor... Other candidates (2) Thomas Aquinas (Thomas Aquinas) compilation99.2% variant translation three things are necessary for the salvation of man to know what he ought to believe to know what... CliffsNotes on Adams' The Education of Henry Adams (Stanley P. Baldwin, 2007) compilation97.9% ... Thomas Aquinas wrote ( in Two Precepts of Charity ) in 1273 , “ Three things are necessary for the salvation of m... |
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