"Using the commons as a cesspool does not harm the general public under frontier conditions, because there is no public, the same behavior in a metropolis is unbearable"
About this Quote
The rhetorical sting is the switch from frontier myth to metropolitan reality. Frontier conditions carry the American fantasy of limitless space, where consequences dissolve into the horizon. Hardin yanks that fantasy into the city, where externalities stop being abstract economics and start being smell, disease, and conflict. “Unbearable” isn’t just an adjective; it’s a political prediction: once costs are concentrated, tolerance collapses and regulation becomes inevitable.
The subtext, consistent with Hardin’s broader “tragedy of the commons” project, is a critique of moralizing solutions. He’s implying that appeals to individual restraint won’t scale; what changes behavior is not virtue but crowdedness and the emergence of enforceable norms. Context matters too: Hardin wrote in an era of population panic and environmental limits, and his “no public” line smuggles in a harder claim - that modern societies must manufacture a public through institutions, boundaries, and coercive rules, or drown in their own shared waste.
Quote Details
| Topic | Ethics & Morality |
|---|---|
| Source | Garrett Hardin, "The Tragedy of the Commons", Science, Vol. 162 (1968), pp. 1243-1248 — Hardin contrasts frontier and metropolitan conditions with the line about 'using the commons as a cesspool'. |
| Cite |
Citation Formats
APA Style (7th ed.)
Hardin, Garrett. (2026, January 17). Using the commons as a cesspool does not harm the general public under frontier conditions, because there is no public, the same behavior in a metropolis is unbearable. FixQuotes. https://fixquotes.com/quotes/using-the-commons-as-a-cesspool-does-not-harm-the-24509/
Chicago Style
Hardin, Garrett. "Using the commons as a cesspool does not harm the general public under frontier conditions, because there is no public, the same behavior in a metropolis is unbearable." FixQuotes. January 17, 2026. https://fixquotes.com/quotes/using-the-commons-as-a-cesspool-does-not-harm-the-24509/.
MLA Style (9th ed.)
"Using the commons as a cesspool does not harm the general public under frontier conditions, because there is no public, the same behavior in a metropolis is unbearable." FixQuotes, 17 Jan. 2026, https://fixquotes.com/quotes/using-the-commons-as-a-cesspool-does-not-harm-the-24509/. Accessed 13 Feb. 2026.





