"When any organizational entity expands beyond 21 members, the real power will be in some smaller body"
About this Quote
Bureaucracies love to advertise scale as strength, but Parkinson is pointing to the opposite: growth is often the moment an organization stops being a place where decisions happen and becomes a stage where decisions are performed. The number 21 isn’t mystical; it’s a jab at the threshold where a group tips from conversation into choreography. Above that size, airtime becomes scarce, coordination costs spike, and the meeting’s real job shifts from choosing to signaling: who’s aligned, who’s cautious, who’s “consulted.”
Parkinson’s intent is diagnostic, not merely cynical. As an historian of administration (and a satirist of its habits), he’s describing a recurring pattern: formal bodies swell for reasons that look virtuous - representation, inclusivity, stakeholder buy-in - while informal power consolidates elsewhere. The subtext is that democracy inside institutions is frequently a managed illusion. When the room gets too big, you create committees, subcommittees, steering groups; authority migrates to the smallest circle that can move fast and absorb risk. Everyone else gets visibility, minutes, and the comforting sense of participation.
Context matters: Parkinson wrote in the mid-century world of expanding states and corporate managerialism, when “more staff” and “more process” were treated as progress. His line lands now because it predicts modern governance-by-Slack-channel and executive “working groups”: the official org chart grows, but the actual levers of power shrink into a handful of people who can make decisions without needing to narrate them in real time to twenty-one others.
Parkinson’s intent is diagnostic, not merely cynical. As an historian of administration (and a satirist of its habits), he’s describing a recurring pattern: formal bodies swell for reasons that look virtuous - representation, inclusivity, stakeholder buy-in - while informal power consolidates elsewhere. The subtext is that democracy inside institutions is frequently a managed illusion. When the room gets too big, you create committees, subcommittees, steering groups; authority migrates to the smallest circle that can move fast and absorb risk. Everyone else gets visibility, minutes, and the comforting sense of participation.
Context matters: Parkinson wrote in the mid-century world of expanding states and corporate managerialism, when “more staff” and “more process” were treated as progress. His line lands now because it predicts modern governance-by-Slack-channel and executive “working groups”: the official org chart grows, but the actual levers of power shrink into a handful of people who can make decisions without needing to narrate them in real time to twenty-one others.
Quote Details
| Topic | Decision-Making |
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