Novel: Rates of Exchange

Overview
Malcolm Bradbury’s Rates of Exchange is a Cold War comedy of errors that follows Angus Petworth, a diffident British linguist dispatched on a cultural exchange to the obscure East European people’s republic of Slaka. What begins as a routine academic visit turns into a cascade of misunderstandings, mistranslations, and political misadventures, as the meanings of words, gestures, and even money refuse to hold steady. Bradbury makes the equivocal nature of language the motor of the plot and the lens of the satire, turning a scholarly trip into a portrait of an entire system where nothing says quite what it seems to say.

Setting and Premise
Slaka is a lovingly elaborate fabrication, a socialist state whose history keeps revising itself, whose maps never quite agree, and whose language appears to pass through time zones of meaning even within a single sentence. The official culture insists on clarity and unity while generating foggy slogans and obscurantist procedures. Hotels double as surveillance hubs, interpreters double as cultural gatekeepers, and exchange rates, of currency, favors, and information, shift from corridor to corridor. Into this netherworld of ministries and academies arrives Petworth, briefcase full of linguistic theories about how people make sense of reality by exchanging signs.

Plot
Petworth’s meticulous plans are undone on contact with Slakan reality. His lectures are constantly rescheduled, re-captioned, or repurposed, and the words he uses are miraculously transformed as they pass through interpreters into patriotic endorsements or veiled dissidence. A harmless observation about grammar is reported as a tribute to the people; a joke becomes a policy suggestion; a hedged academic claim is broadcast as an attack on imperialism. He is feted at banquets, paraded through cultural institutions, and quietly trailed by functionaries who seek to assign him a role: emblem of Western friendship, plausible spy, or accidental messenger of reform.

Entanglements mount. Petworth drifts into a tender, confused attachment with a sophisticated interpreter who understands both the literal and the unsayable. He meets writers who speak in layered allegories, officials who answer questions with parables, and hustlers who offer better exchange rates for sterling along with whispered news of a coming thaw. A minor mix-up with papers and a stray newspaper headline vault him into notoriety, and he discovers he has been quoted saying things he cannot remember thinking, much less saying. The itinerary becomes a quest, a provincial tour through museums of national myth and drab industrial vistas, punctuated by toasts, corrections, and sudden shifts in ideological weather.

When cultural ferment spills into public space, rumor outruns translation. Petworth finds his presence increasingly charged, his ordinary academic motives mistaken for political intention. Spirited from event to event, he is both protected and used, until the only sensible act is departure. He leaves with promises half-made and truths half-understood, carrying notebooks that, once read back in England, reveal a different Slaka each time, depending on how one translates.

Themes
The novel turns on the instability of meaning. Translation is not a bridge but a market, where words acquire fluctuating value depending on context, fear, and desire. Bradbury satirizes authoritarian euphemism and bureaucratic opacity, but also punctures Western academic vanity, showing how theory collapses under the pressure of lived ambiguity. Love, loyalty, and honesty are themselves exchanges, subject to rates set by history.

Style and Significance
Written with urbane wit and a playful eye for officialese, guidebook prose, and diplomatic small talk, Rates of Exchange crafts a comic fable from the drab textures of late socialism. Slaka would return in Bradbury’s later fiction, but here it first embodies a world where reality is mediated by phrases and permits, and truth survives only in the interstices of language. The result is both a brisk farce and a shrewd meditation on how societies, and people, talk themselves into and out of meaning.