"Death and life have their determined appointments; riches and honors depend upon heaven"
About this Quote
The line arrives from a culture where "Heaven" (tian) isn’t a bearded deity so much as a moral order that confers legitimacy and sets limits. Confucius is speaking into an anxious world of collapsing norms and political churn, where status could be won through violence, bribery, or cleverness. By relocating the biggest outcomes - longevity, wealth, prestige - outside human control, he undercuts two corrosive impulses at once: panic and ambition. If honors ultimately "depend upon heaven", then chasing them by any means necessary becomes not only futile but vulgar. Your job is not to hack fate; your job is to become worthy.
The subtext is also social discipline. A society of rank is volatile when everyone treats success as proof of virtue and failure as shame. Confucius offers a way to keep dignity intact without romanticizing poverty: you can be morally serious even if the scoreboard refuses to cooperate. It’s a rebuke to the meritocratic superstition that the world reliably pays out what people deserve.
That’s why the aphorism still lands: it’s not resignation, it’s a boundary. It tells you where responsibility ends, so responsibility can finally begin.
Quote Details
| Topic | Free Will & Fate |
|---|---|
| Source | Help us find the source |
| Cite |
Citation Formats
APA Style (7th ed.)
Confucius. (2026, January 15). Death and life have their determined appointments; riches and honors depend upon heaven. FixQuotes. https://fixquotes.com/quotes/death-and-life-have-their-determined-appointments-13676/
Chicago Style
Confucius. "Death and life have their determined appointments; riches and honors depend upon heaven." FixQuotes. January 15, 2026. https://fixquotes.com/quotes/death-and-life-have-their-determined-appointments-13676/.
MLA Style (9th ed.)
"Death and life have their determined appointments; riches and honors depend upon heaven." FixQuotes, 15 Jan. 2026, https://fixquotes.com/quotes/death-and-life-have-their-determined-appointments-13676/. Accessed 12 Feb. 2026.














