"Discrimination against Jews can be read in Thomas Aquinas, and insults against Jews in Martin Luther"

Lionel Blue’s observation points to the disturbing persistence of anti-Jewish sentiment within the intellectual and theological canon of Western Christianity. By referencing Thomas Aquinas and Martin Luther, he selectively highlights two of the most influential Christian thinkers in European history, both of whom have shaped not just theological discourse but also social attitudes toward Jews.

Thomas Aquinas, writing in the 13th century, is typically regarded as a measured and rational theologian. However, within his work, particularly in the "Summa Theologiae", he articulates views that endorse a status for Jews that is distinctly inferior to Christians. Aquinas did not advocate for physical violence against Jews, and in some instances argued for their protection under Christian rulers. Yet, he justified social and legal discrimination, suggesting that Jews should be subject to certain restrictions and denied positions of influence. His reasoning often draws on theological notions of Jews as collectively culpable for the death of Christ, and thus fated to serve as a cautionary example within Christian societies. Such ideas contributed to a climate in which exclusion, surveillance, and various forms of disadvantage were deemed theologically acceptable.

Martin Luther, a central figure in the Protestant Reformation, presents an even harsher manifestation of anti-Judaism. Early in his career, Luther advocated for more gentle persuasion of Jews to Christianity, but after becoming disillusioned with their refusal to convert, his later writings, especially "On the Jews and Their Lies", seethe with vicious invective. Luther encourages rulers to destroy Jewish homes, confiscate religious texts, and even advocates violence against Jewish communities. His rhetoric goes beyond discrimination, embracing direct insult and incitement.

Blue’s reference invites reflection on how revered religious authorities not only tolerated but actively propagated harmful attitudes, attitudes that helped institutionalize prejudice against Jews for centuries. Their writings reveal the deep entanglement of theology, intellect, and bigotry, with consequences that echo far beyond their lifetimes.