"Every citizen or subject of another country, while domiciled here, is within the allegiance and the protection, and consequently subject to the jurisdiction, of the United States"
About this Quote
The subtext is a rebuttal to a tempting loophole in a country of immigrants and transients: the idea that foreign citizenship creates a pocket of immunity on American soil. Gray closes that pocket. “Domiciled” is the crucial throttle. He isn’t talking about a tourist passing through; he’s talking about someone who has planted their life here, and he treats that settled presence as enough to trigger obligations normally associated with membership.
Contextually, this sits inside the late-19th-century project of clarifying sovereignty in an era of mass migration, industrial capitalism, and cross-border commerce. The United States wanted to police its territory, regulate labor and business, and enforce criminal law without constant diplomatic interference. Gray’s formulation supplies a clean principle for courts: jurisdiction follows residence, not passport.
It also has a modern edge. The line anticipates today’s fights over the rights of noncitizens and the reach of federal power: you can’t demand the system’s protections while claiming you’re outside the system’s authority. Gray makes that sound like common sense - which is exactly why it’s potent.
Quote Details
| Topic | Justice |
|---|---|
| Source | United States v. Wong Kim Ark, 169 U.S. 649 (1898), majority opinion by Justice Horace Gray (contains the cited language regarding allegiance, protection, and jurisdiction). |
| Cite |
Citation Formats
APA Style (7th ed.)
Gray, Horace. (2026, January 16). Every citizen or subject of another country, while domiciled here, is within the allegiance and the protection, and consequently subject to the jurisdiction, of the United States. FixQuotes. https://fixquotes.com/quotes/every-citizen-or-subject-of-another-country-while-96281/
Chicago Style
Gray, Horace. "Every citizen or subject of another country, while domiciled here, is within the allegiance and the protection, and consequently subject to the jurisdiction, of the United States." FixQuotes. January 16, 2026. https://fixquotes.com/quotes/every-citizen-or-subject-of-another-country-while-96281/.
MLA Style (9th ed.)
"Every citizen or subject of another country, while domiciled here, is within the allegiance and the protection, and consequently subject to the jurisdiction, of the United States." FixQuotes, 16 Jan. 2026, https://fixquotes.com/quotes/every-citizen-or-subject-of-another-country-while-96281/. Accessed 13 Feb. 2026.



