"For behind all imperialism is ultimately the imperialistic individual, just as behind all peace is ultimately the peaceful individual"

Irving Babbitt draws a direct connection between the character of individuals and the conditions that prevail in society. By stating that imperialism is rooted ultimately in the imperialistic individual, Babbitt suggests that large-scale political or social phenomena do not arise from nothing; they reflect the aggregation of personal traits, beliefs, and ambitions. Imperialism, often understood as the domination of one nation over others for the purpose of self-aggrandizement or material gain, is not simply the product of abstract political forces but rather an outgrowth of personal dispositions. The imperialistic individual seeks to impose his will, extend his influence, and acquire more than what is necessary, mirroring the behavior of imperial powers on the world stage.

Similarly, Babbitt posits that peace is not simply a matter of treaties, laws, or international structures but is ultimately founded upon the presence of individuals who are peaceful in their thoughts, attitudes, and actions. Peaceful societies arise when the individuals within them value moderation, empathy, self-restraint, and genuine respect for others. In this view, peace and imperialism are not abstract, impersonal conditions imposed from above; they are the cumulative expression of the character and choices of individuals.

Babbitt's perspective challenges approaches that focus solely on structural or institutional explanations for war and peace. He emphasizes moral agency, each person is a potential seed of peace or conflict, depending on their inner disposition and the values they cultivate. Societies cannot achieve sustainable peace without fostering the virtues of self-control, humility, and empathy in their members. Conversely, no matter how sophisticated the checks and balances in political systems, if individuals are driven by domination and greed, imperialism will find expression. The cultivation of character, therefore, becomes central to the creation of a just and peaceful society. Babbitt argues for a moral foundation within every individual as the ultimate source of both conflict and harmony in human affairs.