"I shall not today attempt further to define the kinds of material, but I know it when I see it"
About this Quote
The specific intent is tactical. The Court was tangled in First Amendment doctrine, trying to separate protected speech from punishable obscenity. Stewart signals that any rigid definition will be gamed, ridiculed, or rendered obsolete by changing art forms and sexual norms. So he offers an operational test: not a rule you can memorize, but a judgment call you can recognize.
The subtext is more unsettling: the law's supposed objectivity quietly depends on the judge's intuitions, cultural literacy, and biases. "I" does a lot of work here. It asks the public to trust the decency and discernment of an unelected arbiter, while sidestepping the question of whose "seeing" counts. That subjectivity can function as a safeguard against overbroad censorship, but it can also legitimize arbitrary enforcement, especially against marginalized artists and communities.
What makes the line endure is its blunt theatricality. Stewart turns doctrinal confusion into a quotable epigram, and in doing so, reveals the real mechanism of many legal standards: not certainty, but confidence performed in public.
Quote Details
| Topic | Justice |
|---|---|
| Source | Jacobellis v. Ohio, 378 U.S. 184 (1964), concurring opinion of Justice Potter Stewart — contains the famous line beginning, "I shall not today attempt further to define the kinds of material ... but I know it when I see it." |
| Cite |
Citation Formats
APA Style (7th ed.)
Stewart, Potter. (2026, February 17). I shall not today attempt further to define the kinds of material, but I know it when I see it. FixQuotes. https://fixquotes.com/quotes/i-shall-not-today-attempt-further-to-define-the-101815/
Chicago Style
Stewart, Potter. "I shall not today attempt further to define the kinds of material, but I know it when I see it." FixQuotes. February 17, 2026. https://fixquotes.com/quotes/i-shall-not-today-attempt-further-to-define-the-101815/.
MLA Style (9th ed.)
"I shall not today attempt further to define the kinds of material, but I know it when I see it." FixQuotes, 17 Feb. 2026, https://fixquotes.com/quotes/i-shall-not-today-attempt-further-to-define-the-101815/. Accessed 18 Feb. 2026.





