"If vice and corruption prevail, liberty cannot subsist; but if virtue have the advantage, arbitrary power cannot be established"
About this Quote
Liberty, Sidney insists, is not a self-sustaining machine; it is a moral ecosystem. The line is built like a trap for complacency: if you let “vice and corruption” become normal, freedom doesn’t merely weaken - it becomes structurally impossible. He’s not talking about private peccadilloes. In the 17th-century English sense, “corruption” is political rot: bribery, patronage, offices bought and sold, a public that trades its voice for favors. When that prevails, liberty “cannot subsist” because institutions meant to check power get quietly repurposed into tools of power.
The second clause flips from diagnosis to defiance. “If virtue have the advantage,” Sidney argues, “arbitrary power cannot be established.” It’s a daring claim in an age when monarchs asserted divine right and the state could make dissent a hanging offense. Virtue here is civic discipline: citizens and lawmakers willing to bear costs, resist inducements, and treat public office as stewardship rather than spoils. The subtext is strategic: tyrants don’t only conquer with armies; they purchase cooperation. Take away the market for betrayal and despotism becomes expensive, brittle, hard to normalize.
Context sharpens the stakes. Sidney was a republican thinker moving through the fallout of civil war, regicide, restoration, and the tightening grip of the Crown. He would later be executed for alleged treason, his writings used against him in court. That history makes the quote feel less like moralizing and more like a warning from someone who understood how quickly freedom can be auctioned off - one compromised institution at a time.
The second clause flips from diagnosis to defiance. “If virtue have the advantage,” Sidney argues, “arbitrary power cannot be established.” It’s a daring claim in an age when monarchs asserted divine right and the state could make dissent a hanging offense. Virtue here is civic discipline: citizens and lawmakers willing to bear costs, resist inducements, and treat public office as stewardship rather than spoils. The subtext is strategic: tyrants don’t only conquer with armies; they purchase cooperation. Take away the market for betrayal and despotism becomes expensive, brittle, hard to normalize.
Context sharpens the stakes. Sidney was a republican thinker moving through the fallout of civil war, regicide, restoration, and the tightening grip of the Crown. He would later be executed for alleged treason, his writings used against him in court. That history makes the quote feel less like moralizing and more like a warning from someone who understood how quickly freedom can be auctioned off - one compromised institution at a time.
Quote Details
| Topic | Freedom |
|---|---|
| Source | Discourses Concerning Government (Algernon Sidney), posthumously published 1698 — commonly cited source for the passage attributing: "If vice and corruption prevail, liberty cannot subsist; but if virtue have the advantage, arbitrary power cannot be established." |
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