"In trials of fact, by oral testimony, the proper inquiry is not whether is it possible that the testimony may be false, but whether there is sufficient probability that it is true"
About this Quote
The intent is procedural and moral at once. Procedural: jurors must be trained to evaluate credibility the way the law needs them to - by weighing probabilities, consistency, corroboration, and motive, not by chasing the mirage of perfect knowledge. Moral: demanding impossibly pure evidence is a way of laundering indecision into virtue. Greenleaf is warning that hyper-skepticism isn’t neutrality; it’s a bias toward paralysis that quietly favors whoever benefits from delay or from the status quo.
The subtext also defends the legitimacy of institutions built on imperfect inputs. Oral testimony is messy, contingent, social; Greenleaf doesn’t romanticize it. He reframes it as usable despite its flaws, because law is a technology for making consequential choices under uncertainty. That’s why the sentence turns on “proper inquiry”: he’s not describing how people naturally think; he’s prescribing a discipline. In an era without recordings, DNA, or ubiquitous documentation, this wasn’t a loophole - it was the only honest way to turn lived experience into adjudicated fact.
Quote Details
| Topic | Truth |
|---|---|
| Source | Help us find the source |
| Cite | Cite this Quote |
Citation Formats
APA Style (7th ed.)
Greenleaf, Simon. (2026, January 16). In trials of fact, by oral testimony, the proper inquiry is not whether is it possible that the testimony may be false, but whether there is sufficient probability that it is true. FixQuotes. https://fixquotes.com/quotes/in-trials-of-fact-by-oral-testimony-the-proper-88113/
Chicago Style
Greenleaf, Simon. "In trials of fact, by oral testimony, the proper inquiry is not whether is it possible that the testimony may be false, but whether there is sufficient probability that it is true." FixQuotes. January 16, 2026. https://fixquotes.com/quotes/in-trials-of-fact-by-oral-testimony-the-proper-88113/.
MLA Style (9th ed.)
"In trials of fact, by oral testimony, the proper inquiry is not whether is it possible that the testimony may be false, but whether there is sufficient probability that it is true." FixQuotes, 16 Jan. 2026, https://fixquotes.com/quotes/in-trials-of-fact-by-oral-testimony-the-proper-88113/. Accessed 3 Feb. 2026.



