"Merchants have no country. The mere spot they stand on does not constitute so strong an attachment as that from which they draw their gains"
About this Quote
The context is the early American republic’s chronic anxiety about loyalty in a world of empires, credit networks, and maritime trade. Jefferson and his allies distrusted finance and urban commercial power, partly because it concentrated influence outside the agrarian ideal they promoted, partly because merchants could pivot with international winds - selling to Britain one year, France the next, and lobbying Washington accordingly. The fear wasn’t just smuggling or price-gouging. It was that a republic depends on citizens who will accept sacrifice for the common good, while markets reward flexibility, not fidelity.
Subtext: Jefferson is trying to define legitimate “American” virtue by excluding people whose incentives are global and transactional. It’s rhetoric with consequences: once you cast a group as structurally incapable of allegiance, you make it easier to justify embargoes, suspicion, and coercive policy in the name of national character.
Quote Details
| Topic | Business |
|---|---|
| Source | Verified source: Thomas Jefferson to Horatio G. Spafford, 17 March 1814 (Thomas Jefferson, 1814)
Evidence: but merchants have no country. the mere spot they stand on does not constitute so strong an attachment as that from which they draw their gains. (pp. 248–249 (Retirement Series, vol. 7)). This line appears in Jefferson’s letter written at Monticello on March 17, 1814, replying to Horatio Gates Spafford. Founders Online (National Archives) provides a transcription and explicitly cites the authoritative print edition: The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Retirement Series, vol. 7 (28 Nov. 1813 to 30 Sept. 1814), edited by J. Jefferson Looney (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2010), pages 248–249. This is a primary-source Jefferson document (private correspondence), not a later quote compilation. In the letter, Jefferson continues immediately with remarks about priests and lawyers; many secondary quote sites excerpt only the first sentence. Other candidates (1) The Life and Writings of Thomas Jefferson (Samuel Eagle Forman, 1900) compilation96.4% ... merchants have no country . The mere spot they stand on does not constitute so strong an attachment as that from ... |
| Cite |
Citation Formats
APA Style (7th ed.)
Jefferson, Thomas. (2026, February 11). Merchants have no country. The mere spot they stand on does not constitute so strong an attachment as that from which they draw their gains. FixQuotes. https://fixquotes.com/quotes/merchants-have-no-country-the-mere-spot-they-22040/
Chicago Style
Jefferson, Thomas. "Merchants have no country. The mere spot they stand on does not constitute so strong an attachment as that from which they draw their gains." FixQuotes. February 11, 2026. https://fixquotes.com/quotes/merchants-have-no-country-the-mere-spot-they-22040/.
MLA Style (9th ed.)
"Merchants have no country. The mere spot they stand on does not constitute so strong an attachment as that from which they draw their gains." FixQuotes, 11 Feb. 2026, https://fixquotes.com/quotes/merchants-have-no-country-the-mere-spot-they-22040/. Accessed 12 Feb. 2026.




