"One father is enough to govern one hundred sons, but not a hundred sons one father"

George Herbert's observation captures a nuanced truth about authority, responsibility, and the dynamics of leadership within the family and, by extension, society. The implication is that the guidance, discipline, and structure that a single father can exert on a large number of sons is a manageable, natural extension of traditional authority norms. It acknowledges the inherent capacity of a leader to organize, direct, and ensure coherence among those for whom he is responsible, particularly when those individuals occupy the position of dependents or followers.

The reverse, however, is presented as impossible or at least deeply problematic: one hundred sons cannot govern one father. Inverting the relationship underlines the challenges of collective leadership, especially by those traditionally construed as subordinates. When many seek to govern one, chaos and disorder emerge. The absence of clear leadership can result in fragmented authority, conflicting desires, and an inability to reach consensus. Each "son" might claim a different approach or objective, leading to a cacophony rather than harmony. The metaphor expands to broader contexts, revealing the potential pitfalls of leadership by committee, mob rule, or attempts to subject legitimate authority figures to the whims of those meant to be guided by them.

Herbert’s phrase also hints at a deeper understanding of social and familial structures, suggesting that order and stability are most effectively maintained when there is a clear flow of authority. The "father" not only symbolizes biological parenthood but also any guiding or governing force, teacher, leader, ruler, whose singular vision can marshal the efforts and energies of many toward a common good.

Moreover, the saying reveals an implicit warning about the limits of democracy or collective governance in certain situations. While collective input is valuable, effective action often requires a decisive, singular hand at the helm. Herbert reminds us of the necessity, at times, for hierarchy, experience, and respected authority to achieve unity and purpose.