"Revolution, n. In politics, an abrupt change in the form of misgovernment"

Ambrose Bierce’s definition of “revolution” as “an abrupt change in the form of misgovernment” resounds with characteristic cynicism. Stripping away idealism, Bierce presents politics as an arena plagued not by righteous causes or bold reforms, but by varying shades of incompetence. “Abrupt change” alludes to the drama and disorder marking revolutions, yet Bierce refuses to romanticize them as heroic or progressive. Instead, he asserts that the fundamental nature of governance remains faulty, merely shifting in shape or style rather than substance.

By equating all government with misgovernment, Bierce aligns with a deep-seated skepticism of authority and institutions. The use of “misgovernment” suggests that rulers, regardless of banner or policy, exercise power to the detriment of the governed. Thus, a revolution, however righteous in appearance, simply replaces one deeply flawed system with another, exposing the cyclical and often fruitless march of political upheaval. His concise phrasing encapsulates disillusionment with historical narratives that elevate revolutions as engines of justice or improvement; for Bierce, these movements frequently perpetuate new forms of corruption and oppression.

Through black humor, Bierce also skewers human hope for change through politics, prompting reflection on whether true progress is possible or forever elusive. The pithy definition forces readers to reconsider their assumptions about power, reform, and the potential for meaningful transformation in public life. The word “abrupt” accentuates the suddenness of revolutionary acts, while “form of misgovernment” implies that although the outward trappings and rhetoric may change, the essential dysfunction persists.

Ultimately, Bierce’s biting wit and pessimism reveal his belief that revolutions rarely deliver deliverance from misrule. Instead, they serve as stark reminders of the unchanging nature of political failings, echoing an enduring wariness of those who claim change is both simple and inherently good.