"There are successful scholars, public-spirited scholars, upright scholars, cautious scholars, and those who are merely petty men"

This quote by Xun Zi speaks to the idea that there are different types of scholars in the world. He determines five unique types of scholars: effective, public-spirited, upright, careful, and petty. Successful scholars are those who have actually achieved fantastic success in their field, whether it remain in academic community, company, or politics. Public-spirited scholars are those who are devoted to the improvement of society and the public good. Upright scholars are those who are truthful and ethical in their dealings. Careful scholars are those who beware and sensible in their decisions. Lastly, minor men are those who are small-minded and selfish in their pursuits.

Xun Zi's quote serves as a suggestion that there are many different kinds of scholars on the planet, which each type has its own strengths and weak points. It is necessary to acknowledge the different kinds of scholars and to make every effort to be the best version of ourselves. By doing so, we can guarantee that we are contributing to the improvement of society and the general public good.