"Nature, more of a stepmother than a mother in several ways, has sown a seed of evil in the hearts of mortals, especially in the more thoughtful men, which makes them dissatisfied with their own lot and envious of another s"

Desiderius Erasmus uses vivid metaphorical language to characterize nature not as a nurturing mother, but as a stepmother, someone whose care is tinged with distance, neglect, or even antagonism. This comparison suggests that the human condition is shaped less by gentle guidance and more by challenges, hardships, and perhaps an innate sense of dissatisfaction. Rather than fostering contentment, nature seems to implant within humans a “seed of evil,” an inherent flaw or tendency that grows into discontent and envy.

Erasmus highlights that this unease is particularly pronounced among “the more thoughtful men”, individuals who reflect deeply, analyze their circumstances, and compare themselves to others. Rather than finding peace in contemplation, such minds are more likely to notice what is missing in their lives and what others possess. The more one understands or perceives the world, the easier it becomes to identify one’s own deficiencies and to imagine that happiness lies in someone else’s condition. Thus, intellect and self-awareness, usually prized traits, paradoxically contribute to greater misery, as they increase sensitivity to disparity and misfortune.

Underlying this observation is a critique of human envy as an almost universal condition, one that is not merely a social or moral failing but a fundamental aspect of existence. Envy and dissatisfaction do not arise solely from external circumstances but are ingrained, a kind of original wound or corruption. Erasmus’s perspective carries a somber warning: that striving for more, and longing for others’ fortunes, is woven into our very nature, making contentment an elusive goal. Yet, there is also implicit wisdom in recognizing this pattern; it prompts humility, an understanding of our shared human struggle, and perhaps the search for peace in accepting oneself rather than ceaselessly measuring against others.