"Never argue at the dinner table, for the one who is not hungry always gets the best of the argument"

Voltaire's observation about arguments at the dinner table is a subtle commentary on human nature, emotional states, and the power dynamics that arise from them. The act of eating together is often symbolic of family unity, shared experiences, and vulnerability. Introducing disagreement into such a setting interrupts not only the physical act of nourishment but also the communal harmony. The remark draws attention to how our physical needs and emotional states affect our judgment and effectiveness in communication.

Hunger is a basic human need and, when present, it has a profound impact on our mood, patience, and mental acuity. A hungry person is likely to be more irritable, distracted, and less capable of argumentation or self-control. Meanwhile, the individual who is not hungry enjoys the advantages of calmness, mental clarity, and the ability to observe and respond strategically rather than reactively. Just as in any debate, the party less encumbered by discomfort or urgency tends to maintain composure and can outmaneuver the other, especially if the counterpart is distracted or distressed by immediate physical needs.

On a broader level, Voltaire is making an incisive point about the fairness and effectiveness of disputes: the context and conditions under which an argument occurs can predetermine its outcome. Equality in argument is compromised when one participant operates under a disadvantage , whether that disadvantage is hunger, fatigue, social status, or emotional disposition. For fair discourse to occur, parties must be relatively equal in their comfort and readiness.

Furthermore, the saying subtly encourages the prioritization of context and timing for engaging in serious discussions. By suggesting arguments be deferred until after meals, Voltaire endorses the idea that physical needs should be met before attempting to resolve conflicts, ensuring all participants can think clearly and respond rationally. This approach not only preserves the sanctity of shared mealtimes but also enhances the likelihood of productive, respectful resolution.