"What then is freedom? The power to live as one wishes"
About this Quote
Freedom, for Cicero, isn not a mood or a slogan; it is a jurisdiction. "The power to live as one wishes" sounds like a clean, almost modern defense of personal autonomy, but Cicero writes from a Roman world where "power" is the keyword that matters more than "wishes". Liberty is not a private feeling you carry around; it is a public status secured (or stripped) by law, property, citizenship, and the stability of the republic.
The line is doing two things at once. On its face, it flatters the individual: you are free when your life belongs to you. Underneath, it smuggles in a hard constraint: wishing is cheap; living as you wish requires institutions strong enough to protect you from other people's wishes. Cicero, a statesman as much as a philosopher, is implicitly arguing that freedom is inseparable from an ordered civic architecture - courts that restrain arbitrary force, norms that keep power from turning into personal vengeance, and a political system that makes coercion legible and contestable.
Context sharpens the urgency. Cicero lived through the republics collapse into factional violence and strongman rule, watching "freedom" get marketed by ambitious generals while ordinary Romans lost real agency. So the sentence is both definition and warning: when power concentrates, the ability to "live as one wishes" becomes a privilege granted by patrons, not a right secured by law. In that light, his freedom is less about doing anything, and more about not being owned.
The line is doing two things at once. On its face, it flatters the individual: you are free when your life belongs to you. Underneath, it smuggles in a hard constraint: wishing is cheap; living as you wish requires institutions strong enough to protect you from other people's wishes. Cicero, a statesman as much as a philosopher, is implicitly arguing that freedom is inseparable from an ordered civic architecture - courts that restrain arbitrary force, norms that keep power from turning into personal vengeance, and a political system that makes coercion legible and contestable.
Context sharpens the urgency. Cicero lived through the republics collapse into factional violence and strongman rule, watching "freedom" get marketed by ambitious generals while ordinary Romans lost real agency. So the sentence is both definition and warning: when power concentrates, the ability to "live as one wishes" becomes a privilege granted by patrons, not a right secured by law. In that light, his freedom is less about doing anything, and more about not being owned.
Quote Details
| Topic | Freedom |
|---|---|
| Source | Cicero, De Officiis (On Duties), Book I — commonly cited in Latin as "Libertas est potestas vivendi ut velis." (c. 44 BC) |
More Quotes by Cicero
Add to List











