"Consequently it will often happen there will be a desire of particular objects, in cases where they cannot be obtained without manifest injury to others"
About this Quote
Joseph Butler’s observation points to a fundamental tension within human nature and moral experience. Human beings are driven by a vast range of desires, impulses toward objects, achievements, or experiences, yet not all these desires exist in a vacuum or can be satisfied without consequence. Often, the fulfillment of such wants comes into direct conflict with the interests, wellbeing, or rights of other people. This predicament reveals both the complexity of ethical life and the challenge faced by any serious notion of morality.
The "desire of particular objects" refers not only to material possessions but also to social goods, statuses, or any ends an individual might seek. The problem arises when the attainment of these ends necessitates "manifest injury to others". This is not an abstract or rare dilemma; rather, it is a recurring situation in social existence. Everyday life presents numerous occasions when the pursuit of self-interest clashes with the good of another or the collective. From competition over scarce resources to situations demanding honesty at one’s own expense, Butler effectively highlights the inescapability of moral conflict in ordinary circumstances.
By acknowledging that such situations "will often happen", Butler underscores a realism about human psychology and societal conditions. There is no naïve optimism that all desires can be harmoniously satisfied, nor a denial of legitimate self-interest. Instead, he points towards the crucial role of conscience, an inner sense of right and wrong, in adjudicating these conflicts. The existence of desires alone does not justify their pursuit, especially when causing "manifest injury" is involved. Moral judgment, and the cultivation of virtue, become necessary responses to the challenge posed by competing interests.
Ultimately, Butler’s remark serves as a reminder of the importance of self-restraint and ethical reflection. It asks each person to consider not only their own desires but also the impact pursuing them may have on others, suggesting that true moral maturity lies in recognizing and acting upon the obligations imposed by living alongside others with equally legitimate claims and vulnerabilities.
The "desire of particular objects" refers not only to material possessions but also to social goods, statuses, or any ends an individual might seek. The problem arises when the attainment of these ends necessitates "manifest injury to others". This is not an abstract or rare dilemma; rather, it is a recurring situation in social existence. Everyday life presents numerous occasions when the pursuit of self-interest clashes with the good of another or the collective. From competition over scarce resources to situations demanding honesty at one’s own expense, Butler effectively highlights the inescapability of moral conflict in ordinary circumstances.
By acknowledging that such situations "will often happen", Butler underscores a realism about human psychology and societal conditions. There is no naïve optimism that all desires can be harmoniously satisfied, nor a denial of legitimate self-interest. Instead, he points towards the crucial role of conscience, an inner sense of right and wrong, in adjudicating these conflicts. The existence of desires alone does not justify their pursuit, especially when causing "manifest injury" is involved. Moral judgment, and the cultivation of virtue, become necessary responses to the challenge posed by competing interests.
Ultimately, Butler’s remark serves as a reminder of the importance of self-restraint and ethical reflection. It asks each person to consider not only their own desires but also the impact pursuing them may have on others, suggesting that true moral maturity lies in recognizing and acting upon the obligations imposed by living alongside others with equally legitimate claims and vulnerabilities.
Quote Details
| Topic | Ethics & Morality |
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