"Neither can men, by the same principles, be considered as lands, goods, or houses, among possessions. It is necessary that all property should be inferiour to its possessor. But how does the slave differ from his master, but by chance?"
About this Quote
Clarkson doesn’t argue slavery is cruel first; he argues it’s incoherent. The opening move is almost legalistic, as if he’s stepping into the slaveholder’s own filing system - “lands, goods, or houses” - and showing where the logic snaps. Property, he insists, must be “inferiour to its possessor.” That single hierarchy does a lot of work: it’s a philosophical premise dressed as common sense, the kind that sounds obvious until you notice it detonates an entire economy. If a person can be owned, then ownership no longer signals superiority; it’s just a receipt backed by violence.
The subtext is a direct challenge to the moral vanity of the master class. Clarkson doesn’t plead for sympathy; he strips away the comforting story that mastery reflects merit. His closing question - “But how does the slave differ from his master, but by chance?” - is an acid test for every inherited justification: race, civilization, religion. “Chance” collapses those categories into contingency: birthplace, kidnapping, a ship’s manifest, a law written by someone else. It’s rhetorical judo, using a calm tone to force an uncomfortable admission that the border between “owner” and “owned” is not nature but circumstance.
Context matters: as an abolitionist writing into Britain’s late-18th-century debates, Clarkson is speaking to Parliament, merchants, and churchgoing readers who liked to imagine themselves rational and moral. He offers them an exit ramp that preserves their self-image: oppose slavery not only because it’s horrific, but because it’s intellectually indefensible.
The subtext is a direct challenge to the moral vanity of the master class. Clarkson doesn’t plead for sympathy; he strips away the comforting story that mastery reflects merit. His closing question - “But how does the slave differ from his master, but by chance?” - is an acid test for every inherited justification: race, civilization, religion. “Chance” collapses those categories into contingency: birthplace, kidnapping, a ship’s manifest, a law written by someone else. It’s rhetorical judo, using a calm tone to force an uncomfortable admission that the border between “owner” and “owned” is not nature but circumstance.
Context matters: as an abolitionist writing into Britain’s late-18th-century debates, Clarkson is speaking to Parliament, merchants, and churchgoing readers who liked to imagine themselves rational and moral. He offers them an exit ramp that preserves their self-image: oppose slavery not only because it’s horrific, but because it’s intellectually indefensible.
Quote Details
| Topic | Human Rights |
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