"So as a prelude whites must be made to realise that they are only human, not superior. Same with Blacks. They must be made to realise that they are also human, not inferior"
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Biko doesn’t flatter either side; he corrects them. The line is engineered to puncture two linked fantasies that keep apartheid standing: white superiority and Black inferiority. His phrasing is almost clinical, but the target is psychological power. “As a prelude” signals strategy, not sentiment. Before laws change, before negotiations or reconciliation, the internal architecture of domination has to be dismantled. If whites keep believing they’re naturally “above,” they will treat reform as charity. If Blacks keep absorbing “below,” they will approach freedom as permission.
The brilliance is the symmetry. Biko refuses the comfortable liberal frame where racism is only a white pathology. He insists apartheid also manufactures a damaged self-image among the oppressed, and that damage is politically useful to the regime. Calling both groups “only human” and “also human” strips status from whiteness and restores agency to Blackness without begging for validation. It’s not “we’re the same” as a vague plea; it’s “stop living inside the roles this system wrote.”
In South Africa’s 1970s pressure cooker, that was explosive. Black Consciousness wasn’t just protest; it was an attempt to rewire the mind so people could risk confrontation, organize, and withstand state violence. Biko’s subtext is clear: no one is coming to rescue you, and no oppressor reforms out of enlightenment alone. Humanization here is not soft empathy; it’s the prerequisite for conflict, solidarity, and finally, self-determination.
The brilliance is the symmetry. Biko refuses the comfortable liberal frame where racism is only a white pathology. He insists apartheid also manufactures a damaged self-image among the oppressed, and that damage is politically useful to the regime. Calling both groups “only human” and “also human” strips status from whiteness and restores agency to Blackness without begging for validation. It’s not “we’re the same” as a vague plea; it’s “stop living inside the roles this system wrote.”
In South Africa’s 1970s pressure cooker, that was explosive. Black Consciousness wasn’t just protest; it was an attempt to rewire the mind so people could risk confrontation, organize, and withstand state violence. Biko’s subtext is clear: no one is coming to rescue you, and no oppressor reforms out of enlightenment alone. Humanization here is not soft empathy; it’s the prerequisite for conflict, solidarity, and finally, self-determination.
Quote Details
| Topic | Equality |
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