"When we see men of worth, we should think of equalling them; when we see men of a contrary character, we should turn inward and examine ourselves"

Observing individuals who embody admirable qualities naturally prompts a desire for self-improvement. Such persons serve as living models, demonstrating virtues, talents, or achievements that resonate with our sense of what is good or desirable. Encountering them becomes an invitation not merely to admire from afar, but to actively seek to elevate ourselves, cultivating similar characteristics through effort, discipline, and reflection. This perspective diminishes envy and comparison as mere sources of frustration; instead, seeing “men of worth” is a catalyst for aspiration.

On the other hand, encountering people who display undesirable or destructive traits presents a more uncomfortable but equally valuable opportunity. Rather than dismissing or condemning these individuals, the response advocated by Courbet is self-examination. Witnessing flaws or failures in others should not make us feel superior, but should prompt an honest assessment of our own character. We may recognize traces of such negative tendencies in ourselves perhaps more subtly expressed, or overlooked due to pride or self-ignorance. Turning inward, we reflect on whether we have, in less obvious ways, acted similarly, and whether changes are needed in our thoughts or behaviors.

This dual approach promotes continual personal growth. Virtue in others inspires us to rise, while vice in others encourages humility and self-awareness. Both positive and negative examples thus become teachers. The practice counters complacency and judgmental attitudes; rather than resting content or eagerly pointing out others’ faults, we remain engaged in self-cultivation. This mindset fosters empathy as well: understanding our own potential for error softens our stance toward others, while aspiring to emulate the good in others embeds us within a collective pursuit of improvement. Over time, this cycle seeking equality with the worthy and examining ourselves in the face of fault fashions stronger individuals and healthier communities, founded on an ethic of ongoing self-reflection and active striving.