"You will never understand bureaucracies until you understand that for bureaucrats procedure is everything and outcomes are nothing"
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Sowell’s line is built like a trapdoor: you start thinking you’re hearing a complaint about red tape, then he drops you into a harsher indictment of how institutions actually protect themselves. The punch comes from the absolutism of “everything” and “nothing.” It’s not that bureaucrats dislike good results; it’s that the internal incentives of a bureaucracy prize defensible process over messy accountability. Procedure is legible, auditable, and safe. Outcomes are contested, long-term, and politically dangerous.
The subtext is a theory of self-preservation. In large organizations, the easiest way to avoid blame is to show you followed the rules. A bad outcome can be reframed as unavoidable if the checklist was honored; a good outcome achieved by bending procedure can be treated as insubordination. Sowell is pointing at a moral inversion: means become ends. “Compliance” masquerades as virtue, while effectiveness is demoted to luck or someone else’s problem.
Context matters: Sowell, an economist with a long-running critique of government programs and centralized planning, is arguing against the comforting idea that failures are just glitches that smarter people can fix with better management. He’s saying the failures are often structural. Bureaucracies are designed to be consistent, not wise; to be impartial, not adaptive; to minimize scandal, not maximize human flourishing.
It works because it names a familiar frustration while offering an explanatory key: if you judge bureaucracies by outcomes, you’ll be baffled; if you judge them by incentives and liability, you’ll see the logic. That logic is chillingly rational.
The subtext is a theory of self-preservation. In large organizations, the easiest way to avoid blame is to show you followed the rules. A bad outcome can be reframed as unavoidable if the checklist was honored; a good outcome achieved by bending procedure can be treated as insubordination. Sowell is pointing at a moral inversion: means become ends. “Compliance” masquerades as virtue, while effectiveness is demoted to luck or someone else’s problem.
Context matters: Sowell, an economist with a long-running critique of government programs and centralized planning, is arguing against the comforting idea that failures are just glitches that smarter people can fix with better management. He’s saying the failures are often structural. Bureaucracies are designed to be consistent, not wise; to be impartial, not adaptive; to minimize scandal, not maximize human flourishing.
It works because it names a familiar frustration while offering an explanatory key: if you judge bureaucracies by outcomes, you’ll be baffled; if you judge them by incentives and liability, you’ll see the logic. That logic is chillingly rational.
Quote Details
| Topic | Management |
|---|---|
| Source | Later attribution: Psychological Conflict (Kevin Everett FitzMaurice, M.S., 2025) modern compilationISBN: 9781878693839 · ID: dAZVEQAAQBAJ
Evidence: ... You will never understand bureaucracies until you understand that for bureaucrats, procedure is everything, and outcomes are nothing. —Thomas Sowell Please read The Observer Is The Observed for more information on our heart, soul, and ... Other candidates (1) Thomas Sowell (Thomas Sowell) compilation33.5% argue for one of the visions he describes but rather to understand the nature of enduring differences in political ou... |
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