"The moral virtues, then, are produced in us neither by nature nor against nature. Nature, indeed, prepares in us the ground for their reception, but their complete formation is the product of habit"
About this Quote
The phrasing is surgical. “Neither by nature nor against nature” threads a needle between biological determinism and moral rebellion. He concedes something to the body and temperament (“Nature... prepares... the ground”), then yanks the steering wheel back to practice (“complete formation is the product of habit”). That split is the subtext: humans have predispositions, not destinies. We’re materials, not finished statues.
Context matters: Aristotle is arguing against the idea, popular in various forms before and after him, that ethics is primarily about knowing the right principles. For him, moral knowledge without trained desire is like reading sheet music without ever touching the piano. Habit isn’t mindless routine; it’s education of the impulses, a way of making the good feel natural rather than merely correct.
The intent is also political. In a city-state obsessed with character and citizenship, this is a program for cultivation: families, teachers, laws, and institutions shape people by shaping their daily patterns. Aristotle’s realism lands with a sting. If virtue is habit, then vice is too - and societies can’t outsource ethics to sermons or slogans. They have to build it into what people repeatedly do.
Quote Details
| Topic | Ethics & Morality |
|---|---|
| Source | Unverified source: Nicomachean Ethics (Aristotle, 1926)
Evidence: The Virtues then come to be in us neither by nature, nor in despite of nature, but we are furnished by nature with a capacity for receiving them, and are perfected in them through custom. (Book II, Chapter 1 (Bekker 1103a14–18)). Your wording matches a well-known English rendering of Aristotle’s ... Other candidates (1) Ethics: Essential Readings in Moral Theory (George Sher, 2012) compilation99.2% ... The moral virtues, then, are produced in us neither by Nature nor against Nature. Nature, indeed, prepares in us ... |
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Citation Formats
APA Style (7th ed.)
Aristotle. (2026, February 11). The moral virtues, then, are produced in us neither by nature nor against nature. Nature, indeed, prepares in us the ground for their reception, but their complete formation is the product of habit. FixQuotes. https://fixquotes.com/quotes/the-moral-virtues-then-are-produced-in-us-neither-29253/
Chicago Style
Aristotle. "The moral virtues, then, are produced in us neither by nature nor against nature. Nature, indeed, prepares in us the ground for their reception, but their complete formation is the product of habit." FixQuotes. February 11, 2026. https://fixquotes.com/quotes/the-moral-virtues-then-are-produced-in-us-neither-29253/.
MLA Style (9th ed.)
"The moral virtues, then, are produced in us neither by nature nor against nature. Nature, indeed, prepares in us the ground for their reception, but their complete formation is the product of habit." FixQuotes, 11 Feb. 2026, https://fixquotes.com/quotes/the-moral-virtues-then-are-produced-in-us-neither-29253/. Accessed 12 Feb. 2026.











