"Here an attempt is made to explain suffering: the outcaste of traditional Hinduism is held to deserve his fetched fate; it is a punishment for the wrongs he did in a previous life"

This quote by Walter Kaufmann is describing the conventional Hindu belief of karma and reincarnation. According to this belief, the suffering of an outcaste is viewed as a punishment for the wrongs they performed in a previous life. This is an effort to describe why some people suffer more than others, and why some individuals are born into a life of hardship and misfortune. It is believed that the outcaste has actually made their fate through their actions in a previous life, which they must pay for their misdeeds in this life. This quote is an example of how conventional Hinduism efforts to describe the suffering of some individuals in the world.